Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a frequent condition ofyoung women, often resulting in reproductive morbidity. AlthoughNeisseria gonorrhoeae and/or Chlamydiatrachomatis are/is recovered from approximately a third to a halfof women with PID, the etiologic agent is often unidentified. Weneed PCR to test for M genitalium among a pilot sampleof 50 women with nongonococcal, nonchlamydial endometritisenrolled in the PID evaluation and clinical health (PEACH) study.All participants had pelvic pain, pelvic organ tenderness, andleukorrhea, mucopurulent cervicitis, or untreated cervicitis.Endometritis was defined as ≥5 surfaceepithelium neutrophils per ×400 field absent of menstrual endometrium and/or ≥2 stromal plasma cells per ×120 field. We detected M genitalium in 7 (14%) of the women tested: 6 (12%)in cervical specimens and 4 (8%) in endometrial specimens. Weconclude that M genitalium is prevalent in theendometrium of women with nongonococcal, nonchlamydial PID.
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